The climatic factors and the configuration of the topography in the Giurgeu - Ciuc intramontane basin, situated at the contact between the Mesozoic crystalline and the Neogene-Quaternary volcanic rocks cause variables on the medium and long-term practice of agriculture in the hearth of Giurgeu basin. Continuous adaptation of the population to restrictive circumstances imposed by natural factors have created the preconditions for preserving some traditions that fall within the specifics of ecological farming, based on application / implementation of the basic principles of sustainable development, long before their consecration, at theoretical and conceptual level, on a global scale. The cold climate specific to high mountains which last over 6 months per year, the persistence of temperature inversions as factors of natural risk have determined a passive adaptation of the inhabitants to these environmental conditions. The rural society from this basin ,on the whole, has some specific features based on its seniority and traditions and, most often, the relationship being sustainable, reinforced by habits and interests of the community. Traditions, with reference to the way the land is parceled and used, to the organization and improvement of the agricultural land, are reflected in all daily activities and also in the spiritual life. Continuous adaptation of the population to restrictive circumstances imposed by natural factors have created the preconditions for preserving some traditions that fall within the specifics of ecological farming, based on application / implementation of the basic principles of sustainable development, long before their consecration ,at theoretical and conceptual level, on a global scale. Functional analysis of the medium and long term development of rural communities in Giurgeu Depression has as main target the strengthening of agricultural traditions and the superior development of characteristic values of the local landscape by the development of eco-tourism. We tried to identify how the factitive, as a principle of research in geographical sciences, determines certain facts, while the conditional ensures the permanent habitation and maintenance of local traditions. From a factitive and conditional point of view, we sought to identify the features that characterize best the rural landscape of Giurgeu basin, which, in its most part, is profitable to a satisfactory level. We consider that the analysis of the way in which every local community fits into the announced policies of The National Strategy for the Sustainable Development by 2030 and in The National Strategy for the Development of Ecotourism - in project, but with deadline till the end of 2009 - will make all the factors of decision more responsible on the immediate priority, and will determine the rethinking of the strategic goals of local development in the spirit of the community values.