In the last 10 years, Romanian society has undergone important changes both economically, socially and culturally. If the 2011 population census captured the first changes brought about by the recent integration into the European Union, changes that are incipient and reversible, it is assumed that the 2021 census will outline a more stable picture of a Romania that has managed to partially and, above all, unevenly integrate the benefits of integration. This article aims to analyse briefly and in general terms some characteristics and transformations of the population in the Romanian urban environment, starting from the idea that the city remains the vector of change in society. Using data from the last two censuses, the changes in the structure of the urban network, demographic dynamics, the dynamics of the structure by gender and age group, the share of the population with higher education, as well as the degree of attractiveness resulting from the structure of the city population by place of birth and the share of people who have temporarily moved abroad were analysed. The analysis of these indicators was carried out, depending on the available data, either at the urban level or by city size categories.