1 Nanyang Technological University, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 42 Nanyang Avenue,
Singapore 2 Earthresearch Company, Department of Hydrogeology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Pages:
11 - 25
Abstract:
Global changes involve adaptation and updated knowledge about
the systems affected by these changes. Due to innovation and population
growth also, the land cover pattern is exposed to modify its components,
both natural and artificial, with implication for the several fields of Earth
Sciences. Here, we present the spatial distribution of the land cover
evapotranspiration coefficients (Kclc) in one of the most dynamic and
important territories in Europe, in Paris metropolitan area. Specified crop
coefficients were analysed for different crops and vegetative areas, but also
the evapotranspiration coefficients related to the urban areas, bare soils and
rocks, open water and rivers were presented in the present paper. The
investigation has included the review and the adapted analysis of the land
cover coefficients taken from the specific literature. Using the ArcGIS
environment, the spatial distribution of the land cover coefficients related to
four seasons (initial season, mid-season, end-season, and cold season) was
carried out. The main results indicate maximum values up to 1.6 of the Kclc in
the mid-season, for the areas occupied by the broadleaved forest. In the
same season, the Kclc high values of 1.35 and 1.5 spread in the areas covered
by complex cultivation patterns, nonirrigated arable land, respectively by
mixed forest. The initial season presents values of Kclc that range from 0.1 to
1.3, while in the end season the land cover coefficients range from 0.2 to 1.5.
The cold season indicates the lower values in major part of the Paris
metropolitan area with few locations, in the South and East sides of the study
area, where the coefficient reaches value 1. This work highlights the variation
of the crop coefficients, but also of different land cover types in the
metropolitan area of Paris with implications for agriculture management,
hydrogeologists, and climatologists. Further investigations will include
evapotranspiration calculations and climate effects assessment on the water
resources in this area.