Arid regions cover over 43% of the world's surface and characterized by low water availability and significant changes in precipitation and temperature. In Mexico, these regions cover more than half of the territory and 40% of the national population live in these ecosystems. The primary objective of this study was to identify, classify, and analyze arid regions in Mexico using the Aridity Index (AI), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and satellite images for the period 1980-2023. The results showed that arid and semi-arid zones predominate in Mexico, reflecting an increase of 15% and 4%. In comparison, humid regions reduced their surface area by 17%, showing a trend of increasing aridity in Mexico. The states most affected by this condition are Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas, which are in the northern and central regions of the country.